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Major Inventions in Physics Part-II

OPTICS AND PHOTONICS  1. Telescope (1608):  -An optical instrument which allows us to observe and study distant objects in the universe like stars,planets,galaxies and other celestial bodies. -A Dutch spectacle maker Hans Lippershey in 1608 discoverd the first practical Telescope. -However,in 1609 an Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei improved his design and created a more powerful and accurate Telescope. -Over the years, many significant changes has been done to increase it's effectiveness and reliability. -It is used for Astronomical research, exploration of the space by scientists,for studying the Earth's atmosphere which improves weather forecasting,for inspiration of people about astronomy and universe. -It works on the following principles: •Light collection:It collects light from a distant object like stars or planet. • Focus and magnification: The light collected is focused and magnified by the telescopes optics thus creating an image. •Observat...