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Unveiling the diseases affecting LIVER



INTRODUCTION 

The vital organ located in the upper right side of the abdominal cavity is known as liver which is very essential for maintaining overall health of the body as it performs functions like detoxification,metabolism,production of bile and proteins,and storage of glycogen and vitamins.One of its unique ability is to regenerate itself making it a resilient organ,however it is not immune to damage and diseases.
The diseases of liver are also known as hepatic diseases which affect the structure and functions of liver causing wide range of health problems.Various factors are responsible for causing these diseases like viral infections,consumption of alcohol, obesity,genetics and environmental toxins.
According to the estimation of World Health Organization(WHO),millions of people get affected globally which causes substantial morbidity and mortality thus making it a significant public health concern. Liver diseases are the 12th leading cause of death in United States as reported by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),the most common liver related death are due to cirrhosis,liver cancer and viral Hepatitis.
The liver diseases not only have an impact the individual but also affect their families,communities and the Healthcare system.Despite it's significance many people are still unaware of the risks and consequences of liver diseases. The lack of awareness and education leads to delayed diagnosis thus making it essential to educate individuals about liver diseases and prevention of them.
In this blog we will look into various liver diseases including their causes,symptoms,diagnosis, treatment options and prevention strategies so that people can understand complexities of liver diseases and can take proactive steps to protect their liver health and reduce the risk of developing the liver diseases.


TYPES OF LIVER DISEASES 

The diseases of liver can be classified into different types depending on their causes and symptoms,some of the common diseases are:
☆Hepatitis
The liver suffers from the inflammation due to viral infections(Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E),autoimmune disorders,toxins and medications.
☆Fatty Liver Disease 
The liver cells get accumulated with excessive fat which can cause non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty acid liver disease.
☆Cirrhosis
The liver gets scarred due to chronic hepatitis,alcohol abuse and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
☆Liver Cancer
It is a primary liver cancer(uncontrolled growth of cells) due to Hepatitis B and C,cirrhosis and aflatoxin exposure.
☆Liver Fibrosis
The liver gets scarred due to chronic hepatitis,alcoholic abuse and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
☆Autoimmune Hepatitis 
It is a rare disease in which immune system attacks the liver.
☆Primary Biliary Cholangitis
The bile ducts of the liver are damaged which ultimately leads to damage in liver and it is a chronic condition.
☆Primary Sclerosis Cholangitis 
It is also one of the chronic disease in which the bile ducts are inflamed and scarred leading to damage in liver.
☆Hemochromatosis
It is a genetic disorder in which the body absorbs iron in excessive manner leading to damage in liver.
☆Wilson's disease
It is also a genetic disorder in which body accumulates too much copper causing damage in liver.
Understanding the different liver diseases can help people seek proper medical attention and can take steps to prevent liver damage.

CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS 

The diseases of liver can be caused by various factors including genetic,environmental and unhealthy lifestyle.Some of the common causes and risk factors are:
☆Lifestyle factors 
•Consumption of alcohol in an excessive manner can lead to liver damage,inflammation and scarring.
•Obesity means being overweight increases the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
•A diet high in processed foods,sugar and saturated fats can contribute to liver diseases.
•Smoking can increase the risk of liver diseases and liver cancer.
 ☆Infectious Agents
•Liver suffers from inflammation due to Hepatitis A,B,C,D and E.
•Tuberculosis and bacterial infections can cause liver damage.
•Parasites like malaria and Toxoplasmosis can affect the liver and damage it.
☆Genetic disorders 
•A family history of liver disease can increase the risk of individual developing the liver diseases.
•Certain genetic disorder like that if Hemochromatosis and Wilson's disease can cause liver damage.
☆Environmental Toxins
•If a person is exposed to chemicals like pesticides,heavy metals and solvents then he/she might suffer from liver damage.
•Aflatoxin is one of the toxins which can cause liver damage.
☆Medical conditions
•Daibetes increases the risk of non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease.
•Uncontrollable high blood pressure increases the risk of developing a liver diseases. 
•If the quantity of high density lipo-protein cholesterol is high in the body then it contributes to liver diseases.


SYMPTOMS AND DIAGNOSIS 
☆Typical Symptoms:
•Exhaustion 
•Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) 
•Deep-colored urine 
•Light-colored stools 
•Stomach discomfort 
•Queasiness and throwing up 
•Decreased appetite 
☆Assessment Examinations:
• Tests for liver function (LFTs) 
•Diagnostic imaging procedures (ultrasound, CT scan, MRI) 
•Liver tissue sample 
•Blood examinations for viral hepatitis and additional infections 
Timely detection and management can enhance results for liver disorders. Should symptoms continue or deteriorate, seek advice from a healthcare expert for appropriate assessment and treatment. 


TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT OPTIONS 
☆Medicines:
•Hepatitis antiviral treatments 
•Corticosteroids in autoimmune hepatitis management 
• Drugs to control symptoms and complications 
☆Adjustments to Lifestyle: 
•Nutrition and weight control 
•Physical activity and lowering stress 
• Steering clear of alcohol and harmful substances 
☆Surgical Procedures:
• Liver transplantation for advanced liver disease 
•Surgical procedures for liver cancer or additional issues 
☆Therapies as Alternatives:
•Acupuncture and herbal remedies for managing symptoms 
•Therapies for reducing stress that focus on the mind and body 
Treatment plans are customized to meet individual needs and may include a mix of these options. Seek advice from a healthcare expert for tailored care. 

PREVENTION AND AWARENESS 
☆Methods for Prevention:
• Receive vaccinations for hepatitis A and B. 
•Engage in safe sexual practices and refrain from sharing needles. 
•Keep a balanced diet and a suitable weight. 
• Reduce alcohol intake and steer clear of toxins. 
• Schedule routine check-ups and screenings. 
☆Consciousness:
•Gain knowledge about the risk factors and symptoms of liver disease. 
•Recognize the significance of maintaining liver health. 
•Exchange information with others to enhance understanding. 
Assist in research and advocacy initiatives for liver wellbeing 
Increasing awareness and taking preventive measures can lower the likelihood of liver disease and enhance overall well-being. 





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